Editing Tutorial Digital IO

= Digital Input and Output with MicroPyton and ESP32/ESP8266 =
In this part of the tutorial, we explain how to control digital outputs and how to read digital inputs using MicroPyton on ESP32/ESP8266. This includes switching the state of the GPIOs (general purpose input output) and also how to create a pulse width modulation output for changing the brightness of an LED or for controlling a servo.

== Success criteria ==
* you can set a GPIO pin to on or off from the python prompt
* you can write a loop to blink an external LED
* you can use pulse width modulation to control the intensity of an LED
* you can use pulse width modulation to control a servo that can be directly driven from the ESP Module
* you can read in the status of a GPIO 
* you can connect a switch or a push-button and read its status into a variable

== Related Components ==
The components are related to the [[LMUBox]]. For more components, see the [[Hardware List]. Many of the pages on actuators and sensor include additional examples.

=== Microcontroller ===
* [[ESP8266 D1 Mini]] 
* [[ESP32 Web Kit]] with integrated OLED Display from Heltec 
* [[ESP8266 ESP-12F]] NodeMCU Module from AZDelivery

=== Actuators ===
* [[LED]]s in different colors to connect externally, many in  the 
* [[RGB LED]] multi-color LED, 2x in  the 
* [[LED Ring NeoPixel]], 
* [[Piezo Speaker]], 2x in the 
* [[Speaker]], 2x in the 
* [[SG90 Servo]] Micro Servo Motor, 3x in the 
* [[Stepper Motor and ULN2003]] 28BYJ-48 ULN2003 5V Stepper Motor + ULN2003 Driver Board; 2x in the 
* [[IRF520 Module]] Power MOSFET switching module ('electronic relay')

=== Sensors (and physical controllers) ===
* [[push button]], several in the 
* [[Switch]], 
* [[PIR Sensor]] passive infrared motion sensor

= Instructional Videos =

The videos are a first test... the ones marked with ** will be replaced over the next months with new versions.

If you use the [[ESP8266_D1_Mini]] have a look at this file about which Pins to use: https://micropython-on-wemos-d1-mini.readthedocs.io/en/latest/basics.html


== Digital Output: Adding an external LED to the controller ==
In this video on youtube (30:30) we show how to connect an LED and how to control it from MicroPython: https://youtu.be/0KGgYsEZcZM

<youtube>0KGgYsEZcZM</youtube>


Here is a short video of how to connect and control an LED on the [[ESP8266_D1_Mini]].

<youtube>GHE5A0WT5AE</youtube>


If you use the [[ESP8266_D1_Mini]] have a look at this file about which Pins to use: https://micropython-on-wemos-d1-mini.readthedocs.io/en/latest/basics.html

== Digital Output: Connectin an external LED (old version using WebREPL **) ==
In this video on youtube (16:54) we show how to connect an LED and how to control it from MicroPython: https://youtu.be/G6HZ1etMRbM

<youtube>G6HZ1etMRbM</youtube>


== PWM Output: connecting a servo and and LED ==
In this video on youtube (45:39) we explain the concept of pulse width modulation (PWM) and how to program it in MicrpPython. We show how to use PWM to control a servo and the brightness of an LED: https://youtu.be/XovIHYo7s1A

<youtube>XovIHYo7s1A</youtube>


== PWM Output: connecting a servo (old version using WebREPL **, 14:40) ==

<youtube>_4bXk8JjQSk</youtube>

== PWM Output: creating sounds ==
In this video on youtube (23:56) we explain how to create a sound on a digital output pin. We have two versions, one with the sleep function and one with pulse width modulation (PWM) in MicrpPython. We also show how to add an  [[PAM8403_Stereo_Amplifier]]: https://youtu.be/HPQMvL1SP_c

<youtube>HPQMvL1SP_c</youtube>


== Digital Input - connecting a switch and a push-button ** ==
In this video on youtube (30:31) we explain how to read in digital inputs in MicrpPython. We show how to connect a switch and a push-button and also explain the basic concept of a pull-up resistor: https://youtu.be/va1beT6sxLs 

<youtube>va1beT6sxLs</youtube>


Here is a short video of how to connect a button and how to read a digital value from the ESP8266_D1_Mini with micropython.

<youtube>Cb_nYYs-pag</youtube>